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Hedgerows and Field Margins

Forthcoming

This article is a placeholder. Only its topic and title are committed at this stage; the substantive body will be drafted in a future cycle of the engine.

Permanent woody plantings along field edges that supply pollinator habitat, predator-of-pest refugia, windbreak, and on-farm timber or fruit. A small-footprint pattern with disproportionate effect on the biodiversity outcomes that certifications and ecosystem-service-payment programs score against.